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In this post i'll briefly review the causes of epistaxis.
Trauma in the form of finger nail trauma,nose injury,fractures of middle third of the face or the base of the skull is a very common cause of epistaxis.
Infections like acute sinusitis,viral rhinitis, nasal diphtheria,atrophic rhinitis,tuberculosis,granulomatous lesions of the nose like rhinosporidiasis can also cause epistaxis.
Any neglected foreign body in the nose can also cause epistaxis.In certain situations organisms like maggots,leeches get implanted in the nose and cause epistaxis.
Epistaxis may also occur in atmospheric changes like high altitude,sudden decompression as seen in Caisson's disease.[I'll later post an article explaining caisson's disease]
Deviated nasal septum is also a very common cause of nose bleeding...
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Certain tumours of the nose and paranasal sinuses like haemangioma,papilloma[benign];carcinoma,sarcoma[malignant] can also present with
epistaxis.
Some systemic diseases can also be responsible for epistaxis.
CARDIOVASCULAR:hypertension,arteriosclerosis,mitral stenosis etc.
LIVER DISEASE:hepatic cirrhosis may occasionally cause nose bleeding due todeficiency of clotting factors like factor2,7,9,10.
Vicarious menstruation may also cause epistaxis.[nose bleeding at the time of menstruation]
For any more information on this,please consult your doctor or you may post the question in the comments section.
also read EPISTAXIS:TREATMENT
